Risk factors for prolonged preoperative waiting time of intertrochanteric fracture patients undergoing operative treatment.

PURPOSE: Intertrochanteric fracture is a common fracture in older adults. We observed the case characteristics of intertrochanteric fracture and analyzed the risk factors for prolonged preoperative waiting time based on patient data from a 6 year period. Investigate the post-admission treatment of intertrochanteric fracture. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records from July 2015 to July 2021 of patients hospitalized for intertrochanteric fracture who had undergone internal fixation surgery in the orthopedic ward of the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Data regarding gender, age, AO/OTA classification, preoperative waiting time, preoperative medical comorbidities, and complicated deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of lower limbs were collected. Statistical tests were used to evaluate the factors influencing preoperative preparation time and DVT. RESULTS: A total of 1812 cases were retrospectively analyzed, 1258 patients (69.43%) had three or more medical comorbidities. The average preoperative waiting time was 5.09 ± 3.27 days. Advanced age, more preoperative medical comorbidities and DVT led to longer preoperative waiting times, and preoperative medical comorbidities were an independent risk factor. Patients with advanced age and preoperative medical comorbidities were more likely to have DVT. CONCLUSION: Age and preoperative medical comorbidities are risk factors for DVT and prolonged preoperative preparation time in intertrochanteric fracture patients. Preoperative medical comorbidities are an independent risk factors affecting the preoperative waiting time, and a combination of multiple comorbidities almost predicts the delay of the operation time.

Effects of lead pollution on bacterial communities in biofilm attached to submerged plants.

Submerged plants and biofilms have significant advantages in hydro-ecology rehabilitation, but their tolerance and physiological responses to heavy metal stress have thus far been under-investigated. This study investigated the influence of lead on physiological and biochemical responses, as well as variation in bacterial communities and functional characteristics of submerged plant biofilms. The results showed that chlorophyll a content of two submerged plants decreased with increased lead concentration. The concentration of malondialdehyde of both submerged plants was higher under high lead concentrations than under low lead concentrations, and the concentrations of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide in Vallisneria natans were more stable. The antioxidant enzyme systems of the two plants played protective roles against lead stress. High lead concentration can inhibit the bacterial community and lead to decreased diversity. The most abundant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria (40.9%), Cyanobacteria (21.5%), and Bacteroidetes (14.3%). Proteobacteria abundance decreased with increased lead concentration, while Cyanobacteria abundance increased. The lead concentration in plants (19.7%, P < 0.01) and the lead concentration in aquatic environment (17.7%, P < 0.01) were significantly correlated with variation in bacterial communities. High lead concentration inhibits the activity of these bacteria related to the conversion of nitrogen and sulfur.

Allicin Inhibits Osteosarcoma Growth by Promoting Oxidative Stress and Autophagy via the Inactivation of the lncRNA MALAT1-miR-376a-Wnt/ß-Catenin Signaling Pathway.

Allicin, an organic sulfur compound extracted from the bulb of Allium sativum, can potentially prevent various tumors. Our previous study found that allicin can effectively suppress the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells. However, the molecular mechanisms have not been illustrated. In this study, Saos-2 and U2OS osteosarcoma cells were used to investigate the underlying mechanisms. A series of experiments were carried out to authenticate the anticancer property of allicin. Knockdown of lncRNA MALAT1 inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration and promoted apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells. Knockdown of miR-376a increased the proliferation, invasion, and migration and dropped apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells. Furthermore, knockdown of miR-376a reversed the influences of MALAT1 silencing in osteosarcoma cells. Based on our data, MALAT1 could downregulate the expression of miR-376a, subsequently accelerating osteosarcoma. Moreover, oxidative stress and autophagy were identified as the potential key pathway of allicin. Allicin inhibited osteosarcoma growth and promoted oxidative stress and autophagy via MALATI-miR-376a. We also found that allicin promotes oxidative stress and autophagy to inhibit osteosarcoma growth by inhibiting the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway in vivo and in vitro. All data showed that allicin promotes oxidative stress and autophagy of osteosarcoma via the MALATI-miR-376a-Wnt/ß-catenin pathway.

Study on the Risk Factors of Preoperative Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) in Patients With Lower Extremity Fracture.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work is to discuss and analyze the related factors of lower extremity fracture complicated by preoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT). METHODS: A total of 11,891 patients with closed fractures of lower extremities were selected. By analyzing each patient's gender, age, presence or absence of diabetes and hypertension, preoperative plasma D-dimer level, and color Doppler ultrasound of the lower extremity vein, the pertinent factors of the patients with lower extremity fractures complicated by preoperative DVT were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 578 with preoperative DVT were detected, displaying a total incidence of 4.86%. All patients were categorized into either the DVT group or non-DVT group. The results demonstrate that there were statistically significant differences between the 2 groups in age, the presence of diabetes and hypertension, the fracture site, and the preoperative plasma D-dimer level (P < 0.05). Logistic multivariate analysis revealed that age, the presence of diabetes, and the preoperative plasma D-dimer level of patients were independent risk factors for lower extremity fracture complicated by DVT. CONCLUSION: Age, the presence of diabetes, the fracture site, and increased D-dimer levels were found to be potential risk factors and indicators for preoperative DVT in patients with lower extremity fractures. In addition, the preoperative plasma D-dimer level has certain guiding significance for the prediction of venous thrombosis after lower extremity fracture, which is conducive to the early prediction and diagnosis of DVT, but it often must be followed with good clinic acumen and examinations.

Effects of different habitats on the bacterial community composition in the water and sediments of Lake Taihu, China.

Bacterial communities are sensitive to environmental fluctuations, and a better understanding of the relationships between bacterial community distribution and complex environmental conditions is important for the remediation of lake ecosystems. In this study, bacterial communities from 7 water and 7 sediment samples in 3 different regions (east, the hydrophyte-dominated region; north, the transitional region; west, the highly polluted region) of Lake Taihu were investigated via high-throughput sequencing. The physicochemical characterization showed that there were obvious differences in the trophic statuses of the three lake regions, which were mainly due to the differences in pollutant concentration and hydrophyte coverage. The Shannon and Simpson values indicated that the diversity of bacterial communities in water was the highest in the eastern region, followed by the northern and western regions, while there was no significant difference in the bacterial community characteristics in sediments among lake regions. We found that the western lake region had the highest Cyanobacteria concentration (34.71%), suggesting that Cyanobacteria may have competitive advantages over the other bacterioplankton in water columns without plants. The abundances of Chlorobi detected in the water samples in the east (2.69%) and north (6.66%) were higher than those in the west because the high turbidity in the western lake region was unsuitable for the growth of Chlorobi. Nitrospirae (average 6.36%) and Chloroflexi (average 11.62%) were more common in the sediments than in the water of Lake Taihu, suggesting that the nutrient level of Lake Taihu sediment was higher than that of water bodies. Welch's t test revealed that there were significant differences in species abundance (such as Microcystis, Synechococcus, Flavobacterium, and hgcI_clade) among the different regions, except that the east was relatively similar to the north. Canonical correspondence analysis demonstrated that TN, TP, and DO showed significant effects on the relative abundance of the dominant bacterial genera in water, while TOC, TP, and TN were positively correlated with TOC, TP and TN. This study provides useful information for understanding the variation in the diversity of bacterial communities in different habitats of Lake Taihu.

Epitope-dependent effect of anti-murine TIM-1 monoclonal antibodies on T cell activity and lung immune responses.

The TAPR locus containing the TIM gene family is implicated in the development of atopic inflammation in mouse, and TIM-1 allelic variation has been associated with the incidence of atopy in human patient populations. In this study, we show that manipulation of the TIM-1 pathway influences airway inflammation and pathology. Anti-TIM-1 mAbs recognizing distinct epitopes differentially modulated OVA-induced lung inflammation in the mouse. The epitopes recognized by these Abs were mapped, revealing that mAbs to both the IgV and stalk domains of TIM-1 have therapeutic activity. Unexpectedly, mAbs recognizing unique epitopes spanning exon 4 of the mucin/stalk domains exacerbated immune responses. Using Ag recall response studies, we demonstrate that the TIM-1 pathway acts primarily by modulating the production of T(H)2 cytokines. Furthermore, ex vivo cellular experiments indicate that TIM-1 activity controls CD4(+) T cell activity. These studies validate the genetic hypothesis that the TIM-1 locus is linked to the development of atopic disease and suggest novel therapeutic strategies for targeting asthma and other atopic disorders.